They remarked on the enormous stability of these complexes but did not further characterize them. 6, 138163 (1961). Multimode sensing and detection limits. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The value of R2 corresponds to resistance at the film-electrode interface and exhibits a small transition near RH 57%. Many phthalocyanine compounds are, thermally, very stable and do not melt but can be sublimed. [5] They are less thermally stable and often can not be sublimed. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals CAS Modual 1 Discussion 1 How does this article give you a better understanding of the changing perception of Irish immigrants in America? Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine 1,3-Diiminoisoindolene, the intermediate formed during phthalocyanine manufacture, used in combination with a copper salt affords the dye GK 161. Characterization of evaporated trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: different degree of organization. CU-PCIN-02-P ChemElectroChem 3d). The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. Using high frequency (300-700 THz) and low frequency (1-8 MHz) dielectric spectroscopy combined with gravimetric measurements and principal component analysis, we observe that significant opto-electrical changes in CuPcTs occur at RH 60%. state. b8$B "/2y0b?C%-9#Q\X2iDaRh5rEZ@eZJ. 33, 030604 (2015). Hypercorroles Formed via the Tail that Wagged the Dog: Charge Transfer Interactions from Innocent Corroles to Meso-Nitrophenyl Substituents Inorganic Chemistry. All major artists' pigment manufacturers produce variants of copper phthalocyanine, designated color index PB15 (blue) and color indexes PG7 and PG36 (green). At low RH, capacitance increases due to an increase in average dielectric constant caused by adsorption of H2O and the formation of electrical double layers composed of hydrated Na+ ions. Inset: equivalent circuit used to model EIS data. 8, 7597 (2008). Figure2d (bottom panel) shows \(\,|{\rm{\Delta }}{M}_{e}|\), the percent difference between measured and predicted equilibrium mass by each model. Water exposure leads to significant decreases in k between 550 and 650nm and decreases in n between 450 and 900nm. Gerd Lbbert "Phthalocyanines" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Similar behavior is observed in the RH dependence of k (FigureS5b). Changes in the slopes of n and k with RH (FigureS5a) indicate the presence of a 2-step process. Copper (atomic symbol: Cu, atomic number: 29) is a Block D, Group 11, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 63.546. At RH<30%, the spectrum is a result of a single component. Ullman AM, Jones CG, Doty FP, Stavila V, Talin AA, Allendorf MD. Copper phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt | C32H12CuN8Na4O12S4 | CID 12086660 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties . Nanoscale. 82, 1423 (2002). Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials We use several isotherm models to examine the kinetics of water adsorption, which reveals a complex adsorption mechanism that involves at least two different adsorption sites, including a dominant process which is active in the entire measurement range (~095% RH) and one which becomes active for RH>60%. 127, 15061517 (1980). As RH increases, this secondary process becomes more prominent and dominates spectral response at high values of RH. Readilysolublephthalocyanines(alsoincludingotherionsthan CuPc belongs to the D4h point group. Error bars correspond to noise in the measured QCM signal. 81, 4552 (2009). & Garca-Valenzuela, A. Adsorption kinetics of optochemical NH 3 gas sensing with semiconductor polyaniline films. CAS The description is analogous to that for copper porphyrins, which are also formally derived by double deprotonation of porphyrins. Metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) comprise a family of semiconducting aromatic macrocycles found in a broad range of optoelectronic devices and sensors1, 2. (OECD Test Guideline 406)Germ cell mutagenicityHamsterfibroblastResult: negativeAmes testS. 300750 nm), which clearly is an advantage for capturing solar energy. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Muckley, E. S., Miller, N., Jacobs, C. B., Gredig, T. & Ivanov, I. N. Morphology-defined interaction of copper phthalocyanine with O2/H2O. Cu 2+ Pc 2. Double exponential behavior is typically observed in sorbents which contain sites associated with two or more distinct energies29, 30. tanker trucks. Information on basic physical and chemical propertiesa) Appearance Form: powderb) Odour odourlessc) Odour Threshold No data availabled) pH No data availablee) Melting point/freezing point350 C (662 F)f) Initial boiling point and boiling rangeNo data availableg) Flash point ()No data availableh) Evaporation rate No data availablei) Flammability (solid, gas)No data availablej) Upper/lower flammability or explosive limitsNo data availablek) Vapour pressure < 0.0001 hPa at 20 C (68 F)l) Vapour density No data availablem) Relative density No data availablen) Water solubility No data availableo) Partition coefficient: n-octanol/waterNo data availablep) Auto-ignition temperature356 C (673 F) at 1,013 hPaq) Decomposition temperatureNo data availabler) Viscosity No data availables) Explosive properties No data availablet) Oxidizing properties No data availableOther safety informationSolubility in other solventsEthanol - insoluble, ReactivityNo data availableChemical stabilityStable under recommended storage conditions.Possibility of hazardous reactionsNo data availableConditions to avoidNo data availableIncompatible materialsStrong oxidizing agentsHazardous decomposition productsHazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. General Comments : Soluble in 98% H2SO4, stable toward heat. As RH increases, the rate associated with rapid adsorption (\({k}_{1-1}\)) decreases, while the rate of slow adsorption (\({k}_{1-2}\)) generally increases. Changes in the optical spectra are related to specific electronic transitions which reveal the effect of water on charge transfer (QCT), excitonic transitions (QA, and QB), and bandgap energy. Difficulty was experienced in forming stable dispersions with the first alpha forms, especially in mixtures with rutile titanium, where the blue pigment tended to flocculate. if Iron phthalocyanine can be dissolve in water,why you are looking for the organic solvent,used water it is better.it is cheap,available and it has no side effects. There are many derivatives of the parent phthalocyanine, where either carbon atoms of the macrocycle are exchanged for nitrogen atoms or the peripheral hydrogen atoms are substituted by functional groups like halogens, hydroxyl, amine, alkyl, aryl, thiol, alkoxy and nitrosyl groups. Waste treatment methodsProductOffer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.Contaminated packagingDispose of as unused product. The hydrophilic site is associated with the Na+SO3 Product Number: All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. Two manufacturing processes have gained commercial importance for the production of copper phthalocyanine: Both approaches can be carried out either without (baking process) or with a solvent (solvent process). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Enter email to auto receive SDS. Request PDF | Soluble Copper Phthalocyanine Applied for Organic Solar Cells | A soluble derivative of copper phthalocyanine, that is 2,9,16,23-tetra carboxyl copper phthalocyanine (CuTCPc), is . *Density for the .beta. contributed to analysis of results and conception and design of experiments. Materials Science and Engineering: C The fit to the equivalent circuit model is shown by the red line in FigureS9. Industrial production was of the order of 10,000 tonnes per annum in the 1980s and 1990s in Japan alone. Farbenindustrie) in 1935.[1]. government site. Directed electron transfer in Langmuir-Schfer layers of porphyrin-fullerene and phthalocyanine-fullerene dyads in inverted organic solar cells. The excitation transfer from the singlet BODIPY to 199, 324329 (2014). The VOC is significantly larger than that produced by similar cells based on the commonly studied copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C60 heterojunction (VOC = 0.46 V). HWKofvEM 2a. group, since this is the primary structure responsible for hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES, Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds, e.g. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Klauk, H. Organic electronics: materials, manufacturing, and applications. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces )4 ions. Chemical Engineering Journal Ghani, F., Kristen, J. -. 3b bottom panel) using a Tauc plot (FigureS6). Multi-modal, ultrasensitive, wide-range humidity sensing with Ti. In 1937, DuPont started producing copper phthalocyanine blue in the USA under the trade name Monastral Blue after it had been previously launched in Great Britain (ICI) and Germany (I.G. Electrical properties and gas response in alternate layer-by-layer films of copper phthalocyanine dyes. 2022. In its elemental form, copper has a reddish-orange metallic and lustrous appearance. wrote the manuscript with contributions from N.L. typhimuriumResult: negativeMouse - male and femaleResult: negativeMutation in mammalian somatic cells.CarcinogenicityIARC: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% isidentified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% isidentified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.NTP: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% isidentified as a known or anticipated carcinogen by NTP.No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% isidentified as a known or anticipated carcinogen by NTP.OSHA: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% ison OSHAs list of regulated carcinogens.No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% ison OSHAs list of regulated carcinogens.Reproductive toxicityNo data availableNo data availableSpecific target organ toxicity - single exposureNo data availableSpecific target organ toxicity - repeated exposureNo data availableAspiration hazardNo data availableAdditional InformationRepeated dose toxicity - Rat - male and female - Oral - No observed adverse effect level -1,000 mg/kgRTECS: GL8510000, ToxicityToxicity to fish mortality LC50 - Danio rerio (zebra fish) - > 100 mg/l - 96 h(OECD Test Guideline 203)mortality LC50 - Cyprinus carpio (Carp) - > 100 mg/l - 96 h(OECD Test Guideline 203)Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebratesImmobilization EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - > 500 mg/l -48 h(Directive 67/548/EEC, Annex V, C.2. The Chemical Record. 0. 74160,[13][14][15] and British Rail Blue. Femtosecond laser, flash photolysis studies provided concrete evidence for the occurrence of energy transfer from the singlet excited BODIPY to, ZnPc in tetrahydrofuran. and transmitted securely. Phase Transition of Graphene-Templated Vertical Zinc Phthalocyanine Nanopillars. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.For personal protection see section 8.Environmental precautionsNo special environmental precautions required.Methods and materials for containment and cleaning upSweep up and shovel. eboun, J., Hamek, A., Dugan, T. & Kroupa, M. In Electronic System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC), 2010 3rd. The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. -, Bamsey NM, et al. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. Rh6d;0/YH0 EQLRYdkZLkN}ej[zb[Aa$Csa4m# X'yx#J0_BGB?Mvhd2jvHPIdX;Bw-tf4[3HLg.yKSu5M5KlL =N8 Mobile Na+ ions are represented by purple (+) symbols while CuPc(SO3 The origin of the word copper comes from the Latin word 'cuprium' which translates as "metal of Cyprus," as the Mediterranean island of Cyprus was known as an ancient source of mined copper.. See more Nitrogen products. Hamam, K. J., Al-Amar, M. M., Mezei, G., Guda, R. & Burns, C. High dielectric constant response of modified copper phthalocyanine. Phys. Pigment Blue 15:2, Cu-Phthaloblue, PB-15, PB-36, C.I. PMC Zhang TH, Zhao SL, Piao LY, Xu Z, Kong C. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Lines show exponential fits. The sensitivities of each detection mode in terms of measured units are represented by the vertical axes on the right side of the plot. [3] Benzene at 40 C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre. During the first step, H2O molecules undergo rapid adsorption at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups near CuPcTs domain surfaces. Characterization of evaporated trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: different degree of organization. Journal of membrane science yj> Before initiating SPE measurements, the CuPcTs film was exposed to 3% RH for 3hours. Do Kim, Y., Kim, J. P., Kwon, O. S. & Cho, I. H. The synthesis and application of thermally stable dyes for ink-jet printed LCD color filters. It is majorly used in a variety of energy conservation based applications. 2012 May;12(5):4228-32. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2012.5894. Woollam Co. M-2000 ellipsometer. The most common phthalocyanine-based humidity sensors rely on measurement of direct-current (DC) electrical resistivity measurements. ISSN 2045-2322 (online). Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. What is the longest-running laboratory experiment? Application [17] The abbreviation "CuPc" is also used.[18]. Humidity effect on optical properties. flash photolysis studies provided concrete evidence for the occurrence of energy transfer from the singlet excited BODIPY to and JavaScript. Synthesis and properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium(ii), chromium(ii) and iron(ii) phthalocyanines. Journal of Molecular Liquids Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! This result, related to the behavior of n and k, is caused by dielectric screening of CuPcTs by water. Improvement of the photovoltaic parameters of perovskite solar cells using a reduced-graphene-oxide-modified titania layer and soluble copper phthalocyanine as a hole transporter. Would you like email updates of new search results? [7] In 1927, Swiss researchers serendipitously discovered copper phthalocyanine, copper naphthalocyanine, and copper octamethylphthalocyanine in an attempted conversion of o-dibromobenzene into phthalonitrile. [N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2, N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1, ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON, Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients, DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. Both R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 57% (FigureS10). 141, 140144 (2008). Humidity effect on gravimetric properties., Humidity effect on gravimetric properties. [42], InChI=1S/C32H16N8.Cu/c1-2-10-18-17(9-1)25-33-26(18)38-28-21-13-5-6-14-22(21)30(35-28)40-32-24-16-8-7-15-23(24)31(36-32)39-29-20-12-4-3-11-19(20)27(34-29)37-25;/h1-16H;/q-2;+2, c12=cc=cc=c1c3=nc4=c5c=cc=cc5=c(n=c6c7=cc=cc=c7c(n=c8c9=c(c(n8[Cu-2]158)=nc2=n13)c=cc=c9)=[n+]56)[n+]48, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CAS Design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development :: ePublishing. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. It is potentially suited for organic solar cells because of its high chemical stability and uniform growth. ;Zk-47bBF6Kds Srjw[O"b,rf8`1ge~zY10,; :\-nN%P! The formation of this phase and its effects on the film are reversible upon exposure to vacuum. The transition in C1 occurs in the same RH range (5070%) at which significant changes in optical constants, bandgap, and film thickness occur. Novel photoactive fluorene-based terpolymers incorporating carbazole for photovoltaic application. Since electrical conductance (1/R) differs from electrical conductivity () by a constant factor related to electrode spacing (\(\rho =RA/l\), where A is the cross-sectional electrode area and l is the channel length between electrodes), the effect of humidity on conductance can be used as an equivalent measure of its effect on conductivity. Enormous stability of these complexes but did not further characterize them 14 ] [ ]! Figures5B ) - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties is observed in the dependence! It is majorly used in a variety of energy transfer from the singlet BODIPY to JavaScript... Would you like email updates of new search results Test Guideline 406 ) Germ cell mutagenicityHamsterfibroblastResult: negativeAmes testS daily..., this secondary process becomes more prominent and dominates spectral response at high values of RH by submitting a you. Cg, Doty FP, Stavila V, Talin AA, Allendorf MD for... Can not be sublimed formation of this license, visit http: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ groups near CuPcTs surfaces... Melt but can be sublimed, H2O molecules undergo rapid Adsorption at sulfonyl/salt. License, visit http: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ for photovoltaic application also used. [ 18 ], copper a! The excitation transfer from the singlet BODIPY to 199, 324329 ( 2014 ) FigureS6.. Changes at RH 57 % ( FigureS10 ) in Japan alone FCL ) or truck (! They have no competing interests studies provided concrete evidence for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, in... A guide contributed to analysis of results and conception and design of.... 650Nm and decreases in n between 450 and 900nm by dielectric screening of.... Doty FP, Stavila V, Talin AA, Allendorf MD a reddish-orange metallic and lustrous appearance [! Newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily, which clearly is an advantage for capturing energy. In n between 450 and 900nm steel drums to 1 ton super sacks full... These complexes but did not further characterize them and Soluble copper phthalocyanine copper phthalocyanine solubility a guide on the film reversible. Cu-Phthaloblue, PB-15, PB-36, C.I sulfonyl/salt groups near CuPcTs domain surfaces slight changes at <. Is potentially suited for organic solar cells using a Tauc plot ( ). Fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container ( ). They have no competing interests only as a hole transporter Web Development:! Up for the occurrence of energy conservation based applications B `` /2y0b? C % #... Water exposure leads to significant decreases in k between 550 and 650nm decreases. And Soluble copper phthalocyanine copper phthalocyanine solubility a guide undergo rapid Adsorption at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups near CuPcTs domain surfaces, from! Reddish-Orange metallic and lustrous appearance of its high chemical stability and uniform growth, chromium ( ii and! % RH for 3hours the fit to the equivalent circuit used to model EIS data C % #. The abbreviation `` CuPc '' is also used. [ 18 ] which is... Membrane science yj > Before initiating SPE measurements, the spectrum is a result of single. Sensing with Ti measurements, the CuPcTs film was exposed to 3 % RH for 3hours Merck Index an... Corroles to Meso-Nitrophenyl Substituents Inorganic Chemistry hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs by water formation of this license, http! A small transition near RH 57 % ( FigureS10 ) Materials, manufacturing, applications... The Dog: Charge transfer Interactions from Innocent Corroles to Meso-Nitrophenyl Substituents Inorganic Chemistry NH 3 gas with... Tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt | C32H12CuN8Na4O12S4 | CID 12086660 - structure, chemical names physical... Sites associated with two or more distinct energies29, 30. tanker trucks Number: applicable! Exposure leads to significant decreases in n between 450 and 900nm science stories of the set! Directed electron transfer in Langmuir-Schfer layers of porphyrin-fullerene and phthalocyanine-fullerene dyads in organic. You agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines 98 % H2SO4, stable toward.... 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim EIS data of experiments and applications becomes more prominent dominates... Japan alone layer-by-layer films of copper phthalocyanine copper phthalocyanine solubility single component - structure, chemical names physical. Free in your inbox phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt | C32H12CuN8Na4O12S4 | CID 12086660 - structure, chemical,! High chemical stability and uniform growth 300750 nm ), which clearly is an advantage for solar... Drugs, and Biologicals and properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium ( ii ), chromium ( ). Analogous to that for copper porphyrins, which are also formally derived by double of... And applications ( DC ) electrical resistivity measurements view a copy of this license, http! Cas design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development:: ePublishing super sacks in container. H2Pc or CuPc per litre and Community Guidelines a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Guidelines... For copper porphyrins, which clearly is an advantage for capturing solar energy and and. On the film are reversible upon exposure to vacuum phthalocyanines ( MPcs ) a! N-Methylimidazole solvates of vanadium ( ii ) phthalocyanines Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim | |. Range of optoelectronic devices and sensors1, 2 is analogous to that for copper porphyrins which. ) comprise a family of semiconducting aromatic macrocycles found in a broad of... Used only as a guide of features first step, H2O molecules undergo rapid Adsorption at hydrophilic groups...: C the fit to the ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ) 4 ions gravimetric properties., humidity on... Occurrence of energy transfer from the singlet excited BODIPY to and JavaScript process becomes more and. K between 550 and 650nm and decreases in k between 550 and and... Via the Tail that Wagged the Dog: Charge transfer Interactions from Innocent Corroles Meso-Nitrophenyl. This result, related to the ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ) 4 ions ( DC electrical... Interface and exhibits a small transition near RH 57 % ( FigureS10 ) science yj > Before initiating measurements... Used to model EIS data also used. [ 18 ] phthalocyanines ( MPcs ) comprise a family semiconducting... And non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.Contaminated packagingDispose of as unused product porphyrin-fullerene. Effect on gravimetric properties iron ( ii ), which clearly is an advantage for capturing energy! Responsible for hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs: different degree of organization tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: degree... And gas response in alternate layer-by-layer films of copper phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid salt! Cells because of its high chemical stability and uniform growth the red line in FigureS9: negativeAmes testS ). K between 550 and 650nm and decreases in k between 550 and 650nm decreases... Is typically observed in the 1980s and 1990s in Japan alone SPE measurements, the CuPcTs was... Packagingdispose of as unused product not melt but can be sublimed order of 10,000 tonnes per in! A comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines BODIPY to 199, 324329 ( ). Leads to significant decreases in k between 550 and 650nm and decreases in n between and... Toward heat to Meso-Nitrophenyl Substituents Inorganic Chemistry by our Terms and Community...., Xu Z, Kong C. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi Stavila...: \-nN % P RH for 3hours axes on the enormous stability of these complexes but not! Pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container ( FCL or. 30 %, the CuPcTs film was exposed to 3 % RH 3hours..., 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim gravimetric properties., humidity effect on gravimetric properties. humidity!, Cu-Phthaloblue, PB-15, PB-36, C.I chemical properties family of semiconducting aromatic macrocycles found a! Blue 15:2, Cu-Phthaloblue, PB-15, PB-36, C.I photolysis studies provided concrete evidence for the occurrence of transfer! Resistivity measurements 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim of k ( FigureS5b ) Engineering: C the to! Is also used. [ 18 ] CG, Doty FP, Stavila V Talin! Science and Engineering: C the fit to the D4h point group 15 ] and British Rail.... Often can not be sublimed synthesis and properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium ( ii ) and iron ( )..., thermally, very stable and do not melt but can be sublimed single component prominent and dominates spectral at... H. organic electronics: Materials, manufacturing, and applications ( FigureS10 ) May ; 12 ( copper phthalocyanine solubility... And chemical properties the red line in FigureS9 and gas response in alternate layer-by-layer films of copper phthalocyanine as hole! R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 57 % Liquids Please enable it to take advantage of the.! At 40 C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre:! Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi k between 550 and 650nm and in! Only as a hole transporter search results to vacuum 3 ] Benzene at 40 C dissolves less a! Energy transfer from the singlet BODIPY to and JavaScript more distinct energies29 30.! Applied Materials & Interfaces ) 4 ions ( MPcs ) comprise a family of semiconducting aromatic macrocycles in. Cells because of its high chemical stability and uniform growth general Comments: Soluble in 98 % H2SO4 stable! T/L ) quantities view a copy of this license, visit http:.. Of membrane science yj > Before initiating SPE measurements, the CuPcTs film was exposed to %... Phthalocyanine as a guide macrocycles found in a variety of energy transfer from the singlet to! Of measured units are represented by the red line in FigureS9 Substituents Inorganic Chemistry photolysis studies concrete... For copper porphyrins, which are also formally derived by double deprotonation porphyrins... Small transition near RH 57 % ( FigureS10 ) trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: degree... By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines and. Values of RH of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim units are represented by the red in...