James J. Hill was known as the "Empire Builder" for his work in founding and developing the Great Northern Railway from a local railroad serving Minnesota to a major transcontinental network connecting Chicago to Seattle.[1][2]. He was a voracious reader of nonfiction, although there are references to Hill lustily singing ballads based on the poems of Robert Burns. The Union Pacific Railroad was the biggest competitor of Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railroads. Now both Morgan and Hill started rampantly buying shares of Northern Pacific causing the stock market at Wall Street to come unbound. [16], Leonard says that after 1900 Hill exhibited poor business judgment regarding one Canadian subsidiary, the Vancouver, Westminster and Yukon Railway Company (VW&Y). By all accounts, Hill was a hands-on, detail-obsessed manager. June 13, 2019 3:59 PM. Although Great Northern and Northern Pacific were backed by J. P. Morgan and James J. Hill, the Union Pacific was backed not only by its president, Edward H. Harriman, but by the extremely powerful William Rockefeller and Jacob Schiff. He wanted people settling along his rail lines, so he sold homesteads to immigrants and then imported them to their new homes (on his rail lines, of course). To that end, Hill was a major figure in the effort launched by J.P. Morgan to float the Anglo-French Bond drive of 1915, which allowed the Allies to purchase much-needed foodstuffs and other supplies. Finances aside, there were some good reasons for separating the railroad from the ore holdings, historians say. The theory was that if a fire broke out and the ceiling caved in, the sand would drop and retard or suppress the fire. By the time he had finished, he was adept at algebra, geometry, land surveying, and English. The train continues as Amtrak's daily Empire Builder, which uses former Great Northern tracks west of St. Paul, Minnesota. And once they did, it led to soul-searching about how to handle it. But in a nod to the unique situation, she wrote, This is truly uncharted territory; there is no map the trustees can consult.. Neither side could win a distinct advantage, and the parties soon realized that a truce would have to be called. Memorial donations to the Canadian Cancer Society would be appreciated by the family. Louis Hill Jr. was the last surviving founder of the Great Northern Iron Ore Trust. She received education at St. Marys Institute of Notre Dame. Paul and Pacific Railroad encountered huge losses and was bankrupt. Hill teamed up with Norman Kittson (the man he had merged steamboat businesses with), Donald Smith, George Stephen and John Stewart Kennedy. It was designed by James Brodie, who also built the Hill house on Summit Avenue. Northern Pacific stock was forced up to $1,000 per share. A dispute over one of the last-remaining parcels of undeveloped land in a private St. Paul suburb established by the heirs of railroad magnate James J. Hill has the local community scrambling for answers just a week before the election. Hill responded with characteristic bluntness: "Work, hard work, intelligent work, and then more work. ", White, W. Thomas. James J. Hill House Rugged stone, massive scale, fine detail and ingenious mechanical systems recall the powerful presence of James J. Hill, builder of the Great Northern Railway. The James J. Hill House in St. Paul, is a National Historic Landmark.[24]. These events led him to be acclaimed as a headstrong businessman who had overcome the Panic of 1893 and stood like a pillar through Americas financial turmoil. The reading room at the James J. Hill Center is seen from the second-floor balcony inside the nearly 100-year-old building on Thursday. We invite you to use our commenting platform to engage in insightful conversations about issues in our community. Quietly, Harriman began buying stock in Northern Pacific with the intention of gaining control of Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy. His ability to ride out the depression garnered him fame and admiration. The New York Times described Mr. Hill, in his obituary, as "gifted with fine tastes and a keen artistic sense of beauty of form and color, and his collections of art and jewels were among the finest in the country.". As a result, one feature Hill integrated into the construction of the 1887 company headquarters (the Great Northern General Office Building) was barrel vaulted ceilings constructed of brick and railroad steel rails that held up a layer of sand several inches deep. Politically, Hill was a conservative Bourbon Democrat. To promote settlement and revenue for his rail business, Hill experimented with agriculture and worked to hybridize Russian wheat for Dakota soil and weather conditions. [email protected] This incident however did not cause much hindrance in his future career. He cherished summers at the family's North Oaks farm and an annual spring trip to his hunting lodge in Quebec for salmon fishing. Hill did much of the route planning himself, travelling over proposed routes on horseback. That is reflected in a 1946 summary from Louis Hill Sr., reprinted in the biography The Dutiful Son: Louis W. Hill.. Cook St. Paul is no more. Born In: Eramosa Township, Ontario, Upper Canada, Spouse/Ex-: Mary Theresa Mehegan (m. 1867), children: Charlotte Hill Slade, Clara Hill Lindley, Gertrude Hill Gavin, James N. Hill, Katherine, Louis W. Hill, Mary Hill Hill, Rachel Hill Boeckmann, Ruth Hill Beard, Walter Jerome Hill, See the events in life of James J. Hill in Chronological Order, (Canadian-American railroad executive, Businessman). James J. Hill's son and grandson, Louis Hill and Louis Hill Jr., photographed in 1917. Renamed the Great Northern Railway in 1890, it remained the "great adventure" of Hills life. Hill Capital is a venture capital fund established in 2016 "aligned with James J. Hill's belief in the cooperation of the production, distribution and exchange of wealth as outlined in his writings". His two sons had to talk him into being interested in it in the first place, said Eileen R. McCormack, a Hill family biographer and former curator of the Hill papers. Hill and his railway are mentioned in the Harry McClintock song "Hallelujah, I'm a Bum.". What was initially considered Hills folly by many turned into his biggest success. In 1959, Hill High in St. Paul, Minnesota, was established as a school from the funds set aside from Hill's wife for education. Mary Theresa Mehegan, born in 1846 in New York City, was the child of Irish immigrants who settled in the frontier town of St. Paul in 1850. Half brother of James Jerome Hill. It was a bitter blow to Hill, and the decision marked the role the federal government would often take in breaking up corporate monopolies in the 20th century. The Supreme Court in 1904 ordered it to be dissolved as a monopoly. Miners are shown at the Hill Annex Mine on the Minnesota Iron Range, photographed in 1940. He came to St. Paul in 1856, where he first worked as a shipping clerk for J. W. Bass and Company. This last attempt lasted from 1955 until final Supreme Court approval and merger in March 1970, which created the Burlington Northern Railroad. uis Warren Hill, Clara Ann Lindley (born Hill), Katherine Theresa Hill, Charlotte Elizabeth Slade (born Hill), Ruth Beard (born Hill), Ra James Hill, Mary Elizabeth Brooks (born Hill), Alexander Samuel Dunbar Hill, Louis Warren Hill, Hill. The Union Pacific Railroad was the biggest competitor of Great Northern and Northern Pacific Railroads. James is 18 degrees from Margaret Atwood, 19 degrees from Jim Carrey, 20 degrees from Elsie Knott, 21 degrees from Gordon Lightfoot, 23 degrees from Alton Parker, 19 degrees from Beatrice Tillman, 17 degrees from Jenny Trout, 20 degrees from Justin Trudeau, 23 degrees from Edwin Boyd, 18 degrees from Barbara Hanley, 27 degrees from Fanny Rosenfeld and 20 degrees from Cathryn Hondros on our single family tree. The Hill foundations that exist today, none of them have the Hill name on them, McCormack said. Though a protestant by faith he made generous donations to St. Paul Seminary. During this period, Hill began to work for himself for the first time. uis Warren Hill, Clara Anne Lindley (born Hill), Katherine Theresa Hill, Charlotte Elizabeth Slade (born Hill), Ruth Beard Heidsieck Lori James Jerome Hill, Anne Ann Hill (born Dunbar), James Hill, Mary Elizabeth Brooks (born Hill), Alexander Samuel Dunbar Hill, Louis Warren Hill. (Photo courtesy Minnesota Historical Society), A train carries iron ore at the U.S. Steel MinnTac mine in Mountain Iron, Minn., in 1981. It was a notable victory for the young labor organizer Eugene Debs (and occurred a few years before the more famous Pullman strike in Chicago) and marked a significant change in workers' rights. Following their initial land purchases, Hill and his sons bought even more Iron Range land, raising the total to 67,000 acres. Today Hills house has been preserved as a museum. This ended Hill's ability to maintain competitive rates in Asian countries and in the subsequent two years American trade with Japan and China dropped 40% (or $41 million). Hillsboro, North Dakota; Hill County, Montana; and Hillyard, Washington[23] (now a neighborhood of Spokane), are named for him. Just one grandparent can lead you to many To that end, Hill was a major figure in the effort launched by J.P. Morgan to float the Anglo-French Bond drive of 1915, which allowed the Allies to purchase much-needed foodstuffs and other supplies. When there was not enough industry in the areas Hill was building, Hill brought the industry in, often by buying out a company and placing plants along his railroad lines. Because of his previous experiences in shipping and fuel supply, Hill was able to enter both the coal and steamboat businesses. The introduced crop weed in Western US wheat-growing areas Sisymbrium altissimum also has a common name "Jim Hill Mustard", after the belief by farmers that it was spread from contaminated seed leaking out of railway stock along the railroads he controlled. cameron mcinnes salary; May 21, 2022; Through this work, he learned all aspects of the freight and transportation business. Meanwhile, nearly every other transcontinental railroad went bankrupt. Built at a cost of $930,000 and with 36,000 square feet (3,300m2), the James J. Hill House was among the city's largest. Both opponents wanted the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy railroads to add to their flourishing businesses. Paul. His particular talents for English and mathematics would be helpful in his career. Samuel Hill was an executive at the Great Northern Railway when he married Mary Hill. In 1867, Mary Theresa Mehegan, the daughter of Irish immigrants, wed James Jerome Hill, a Canadian immigrant who went on to achieve incredible success. Today, that fortune would be worth upward of $3 billion . [6] He wanted people to settle along his rail lines, so he sold homesteads to immigrants while transporting them to their new homes using his rail lines. He loved reading and also took to poetry. In 1889 John F. Stevens, the lead engineer of his company, found the Marias Pass, which was the lowest crossing region of the Rocky Mountain. The school, which was all-male, consolidated in 1971 with the all-female Archbishop Murray School to form Hill-Murray School in Maplewood, Minnesota. The case was carried to the US Supreme Court, and Northern Securities was declared to be in restraint of trade in a 5-4 decision in March 1904. Thus, with his experience in cargo business he began bidding for other contracts and won quite a few. The high-grade ore is long gone, but now the mines yield lower-grade taconite. He began his career in transportation in 1856 as a 17-year-old clerk on the St. Paul levee. Those mineral holdings were put into a trust, to be called the Great Northern Iron Ore Properties. Although Great Northern and Northern Pacific were backed by J. P. Morgan and James J. Hill, the Union Pacific was backed not only by its president, Edward H. Harriman, but by the extremely powerful William Rockefeller and Jacob Schiff. A bust of Hill is located on the University of Washington campus in Seattle, Washington. His philanthropy included generous gifts to colleges and universities, and prompt responses to victims of disasters, such as the sinking of the Titanic, the Hinckley fire, and the San Francisco earthquake. Hill's heirs established the James J. Hill Reference Library in St. Paul,[26] which is considered by the Small Business Administration the premier source for publicly accessible practical business information in the United States, and many SBA programs rely on the Hill Library's HillSearch service to provide business information resources to small businesses nationwide. Hill always saw his railroads mission as moving goods, not producing them; mining wasnt part of the Great Northern Railway charter; and above all, by 1906 it became illegal for railroads to haul commodities that the railroads themselves had produced. [14] Mary Hill died in 1922 and was buried next to her husband by the shore of Pleasant Lake on their North Oaks farm. [2], Because of his previous experiences in shipping and fuel supply, Hill was able to enter both the coal and steamboat businesses. [8] The pass had been discovered by John Frank Stevens, principal engineer of the Great Northern Railway, in December 1889, and offered an easier route across the Rockies than that taken by the Northern Pacific. 651-297-2555 After the death of Hill's wife in 1921, the house was donated to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. His first goal was to expand and upgrade even more. In 1856 at seventeen, James Hill found work as a clerk in Minnesota, for a firm of shipping agents who traded and worked with steamboats. Paul and Pacific Railroad to the Great Northern Railway Company. To sea as a clerk for a few years CA 1918-1922 1826 in Broadoak, Cornwall, ;. Therefore, Hill turned to his confidant and esteemed financer J.P Morgan. Because of vandals or curious admirers both graves were later moved to Resurrection Cemetery in St. Paul for safer keeping. Eramosa Township, Upper Canada, British North America, Saint Paul, Ramsey, Minnesota, United States, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_J._Hill&oldid=707800972, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/hill_james_jerome_14E.html, Persons of National Historic Significance. By 1889, Hill decided that his future lay in expanding into a transcontinental railroad. With his astute judgments and haggling skills, he managed to recover it from bankruptcy and even expanded the rails. Hill was intimately involved in the planning and construction (19141916) of a new company headquarters in St. Paul (to be known as the Great Northern Office Building), which was to house the corporate staffs of the Great Northern, the Northern Pacific and Hill's banking enterprises. He also ran model experimental farms in Minnesota, such as North Oaks, to develop superior livestock and crop yields for the settlers locating near his railroads. Hillwas acknowledged for his discreet business skills but he also had a deep regard for art. Hill and his men worked in spite of all obstaclesincluding a presidential veto of a bill that would have allowed Hill legally to build through American Indian territory (the law preventing Hill from laying track across Indian territories was later repealed under President Grover Cleveland, who like Hill was a Bourbon Democrat). One of his challenges at this point was the avoidance of federal action against railroads. Between 1883 and 1889, Hill built his railroads across Minnesota, into Wisconsin, and across North Dakota to Montana. Richter thinks that James Hill's story is an important one not only because of his success, but also because of the odds his success was won against. [1] He was forced to leave school in 1852 due to the death of his father. James J. Hill, in full James Jerome Hill, (born September 16, 1838, near Guelph, Ontario, Canadadied May 29, 1916, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.), American financier and railroad builder who helped expand rail networks in the northwestern United States. [3] By 1879 he had a local monopoly by merging with Norman Kittson. The center, which opened in 1921 . The most famous home of the first construction boom was the James J. Hill House, built in 1891 in Richardsonian Romanesque style on the site of the original Edward Duffield Neill home.Owned by James. Hill was intimately involved in the planning and construction (19141916) of a new company headquarters in St. Paul (to be known as the Great Northern Office Building), which was to house the corporate staffs of the Great Northern, the Northern Pacific and Hill's banking enterprises. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. The Hill Family In 1867, Mary Theresa Mehegan, the daughter of Irish immigrants, wed James Jerome Hill, a Canadian immigrant who went on to achieve incredible success. His condition deteriorated quickly in mid-May, but even with the help of many respected doctors he was beyond saving. Under his management, StPM&M prospered. Louis succeeded his father as president of the Great Northern Railway, and lived with his family next door at 260 Summit Ave. Physically, Hill was short and barrel-chested, with a long torso and short legs. Hill got what he wanted, and in January 1893 his Great Northern Railway, running from St. Paul, Minnesota to Seattle, Washington a distance of more than 1,700 miles (2,700 km) was completed. If not, see our friends at Ancestry DNA. In St. Paul, the city's main library building and the adjoining Hill Business Library were funded by him. Concomitantly, the resulting trade in munitions with England and France carried the United States from a depression in 1914 to boom years in 1915 and 1916. And, oh my God, what happened when they bought that feeding an industrial boom that would transform Minnesota and the nation. He wrote that by 1946, that single mine had produced 40 million tons of iron ore and generated $37 million in freight revenue for the railroad and $22.5 million in royalties that flowed into the trust. The net worth of the company jumped from $728,000 in 1880 to $25,000,000 in 1885. Call us at (858) 263-7716. To promote settlement and revenue for his rail business, Hill experimented with agriculture and worked to hybridize Russian wheat for Dakota soil and weather conditions. The Hill Library has developed numerous online programs and now serves millions of small business owners worldwide. "Minnesota Deaths and Burials, 1835-1990," index and database. Login to find your connection. At the end of his life, Hill was asked by a newspaper reporter to reveal the secret of his success. The Democratic Party's continued enchantment with the populist William Jennings Bryan led Hill to support Republican presidential candidates William McKinley (1896 and 1900), Theodore Roosevelt (1904), William Howard Taft (1908 and 1912). Four of the daughters were married in the mansion, and five children later had homes on Summit Avenue. After working as a clerk in Kentucky (during which he learned bookkeeping), Hill decided to permanently move to the United States and settled in St. Paul, Minnesota, at the age of 18. The skill of book-keeping he had acquired as a clerk at Kentucky, before moving to Minnesota helped augment his knowledge and had landed him this job. Contents 1 Life 1.1 Family Roots 1.2 Marriage 1.3 Death 2 Work At the start, it took the Hill family a few years to fully explore and understand what they owned. "What we want," Hill is quoted as saying, "is the best possible line, shortest distance, lowest grades, and least curvature we can build. Opened as the James . Hill noted that the secret to success was, "Work, hard work, intelligent work, and then more work.". The house has many early electrical and mechanical systems that predate widespread adoption in modern domestic structures. The messy legal battle between North Oaks and the city's founding family and master developer the heirs of legendary St. Paul railroad magnate James J. Hill is finally over. In 1860 he was already managing cargo transfers by railway and steamboats for wholesale grocers. 651-297-2555 Ownership of the Iron Range mines will now pass to energy company Conoco-Phillips. Text Size:silicone muffin cups : target university of texas assistant basketball coach salary. In February 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt began prosecution of the Northern Securities Company under the Sherman Antitrust Act. [12] The rapidly increasing settlement in North Dakota's Red River Valley along the Minnesota border between 1871 and 1890 was a major example of large-scale "bonanza" farming. November 25-December 31, 2022. The man nicknamed the Empire Builder, and his descendents, get credit for a defining role in developing and shaping Minnesotas Iron Range and the Northwest. Connecting junctions almost all over North America, it is to his merit that trade and occupations saw a leap in U.S.A. Holding on to his vivid ambition, he climbed up to the helm of Americas transportation business from being the son of a hired peasant. "Minnesota, Death Records, 1866-1916," index and database. Louis Jr. was just 4 years old when the trust was created. After working as a clerk in Kentucky (during which he learned bookkeeping), Hill decided to permanently move to the United States and settled in St. Paul, Minnesota, at the age of 18. Northwest Area Foundation is Louis and Maud Hills foundation, Jerome is Jerome Hills, and Grotto is Louis Hill Juniors.. That ore movement was absolutely critical. Upon completion of the Summit Avenue residence, Hill had the family's old house, which he had constructed in 1878, razed. The threat of a real economic panic loomed. It was a fortuitous investment for them.. By 1860, he was working for wholesale grocers, for whom he handled freight transfers, especially dealing with railroads and steamboats. Because Hill created a property-holding trust, it had to follow laws insuring that property is controlled by the living, not the dead. In order to generate business for his railroad, Hill encouraged European immigrants to settle along his line, often paying for Russian and Scandinavian settlers to travel from Europe. Schonberger, Howard. They had ten children: He died in his home in St. Paul, Minnesota on May 29, 1916. In time, Hill had gained control of the Great Northern, Northern Pacific, and the Burlington railroads. Early in 1901 he joined with J. P. Morgan to buy control of the Northern Pacific Railroad control contested by E. H. Harriman of the Union Pacific in an epic stock market battle in May 1901. [15], In this time he also began to focus his energies on securing trade with Asian countries. Many speculators, who had sold Northern Pacific "short" in the anticipation of a drop in the railroad's price, faced ruin. He was within 40,000 shares of control when Hill learned of Harriman's activities and quickly contacted J. P. Morgan, who ordered his men to buy everything they could get their hands on. On 16 September 1838, James J. Hill was born to Anne Dunbar Hill and James Hill. She was the daughter of an Irish immigrant and was a pious catholic. using former Great Northern tracks west of St. Paul. (photo courtesy Minnesota Historical Society), Louis W. Hill, Jr., the grandson of James J. Hill, was the last living founder of the Great Northern Iron Ore Trust in St. Paul. Through this work, he learned all aspects of the freight and transportation business. He was named a founder of the Trust at age 4. He died in 1995, setting off the 20-year timtabkle that led to dissolution of the Trust in 2015. History The city that is now North Oaks was purchased by Hill in 1883 and turned into a 5,000-acre research farm. But it has been a source of wealth for the Hill family and for the railroads investors for more than a century. Categories: Eramosa Township, Upper Canada | Great Northern Railway | Persons of National Historic Significance | Namesakes US Counties | Notables, WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. A Canadian himself of Scotch-Irish Protestant ancestry, he brought in many men with the same background into high management. The result was chaos on Wall Street. The 1893 depression saw the collapse of many businesses, including railroads, throughout the United States. The key to the Great Northern line was Hill's use of the previously unmapped Marias Pass first discovered by Santiago Jameson. He had nine years of formal schooling. Said Brunfelt, the Iron Range historian, The Great Northern (Railway) is one of the great success stories in American history, the only transcontinental railroad built by an individual, which is astonishing when you think of it. He also bought out bankrupt businesses, built them up again, and then resold themoften gaining a substantial profit. "A Gilded Age Businessman in Politics: James J. Hill, the Northwest, and the American Presidency, 1884-1912,", This page was last edited on 15 December 2022, at 06:08. As a child he encountered a serious accident, where he was struck by an arrow in his right eye that blinded his eye forever. That includes the Mahoning. His pains turned unbearable and his health deteriorated. Richter said Hill came to the West with nothing more than $200 and a physical disability. James J. Hill III is one of 10 children of James J. Hill, a Canadian-American railroad executive who built the Great Northern Railway which connecte St. Paul, Minnesota to Seattle, Washington. During this same period, Hill also entered into banking and quickly managed to become member of several major banks' boards of directors. Geni requires JavaScript! After his fathers death, his mother found it difficult to provide for her children by the means of only running a small inn. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. harlotte Elizabeth Slade (nacida Hill), Ruth Heidsieck (nacida Hill), Rachel Boeckmann (nacida Hill), Gertrude T Gavin (nacida Hill), Kat James Dunbar, Mary Elizabeth Brooks (born Hill), Alexander Samuel Dunbar Hill. james j hill descendants todaycraftsman tool box lock rod james j hill descendants today. During this same period, Hill also entered into banking and quickly managed to become member of several major banks' boards of directors. He realised the colossal development and opportunities it would bring to the northwest region. After amassing a personal fortune estimated at $63 million and over $200 million in related assets, James J. Hill died in his Summit Avenue home on May 29, 1916, one of the wealthiest and most powerful figures of America's Gilded Age. Yet, he was adamant to build the straightest route, with the shortest distance across the Northwest. He was within 40,000 shares of control when Hill learned of Harriman's activities and quickly contacted J. P. Morgan, who was on vacation in Europe at the time. Hill was an avid collector and patron of the arts. Hill was a member of the Jekyll Island Club (aka The Millionaires Club) on Jekyll Island, Georgia, along with J. P. Morgan and William Rockefeller. It operated agencies in Germany and Scandinavia that promoted its lands, and brought families over at low cost. Home; Our Practice; Services; What to expect. "What we want," Hill is quoted as saying, "is the best possible line, shortest distance, lowest grades, and least curvature we can build. Hence, Hill left school in 1852, and began working at a grocery store to aid in supporting his family. It was immediately challenged in court by Governor Samuel Van Sant. It was obtained by the Minnesota Historical Society in 1978 and today is operated as a museum and gallery. Gertrude married Peter Harvie Ffolliott in 1942. http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/sv000012.xml. In addition, he donated to numerous schools, including the Saint Paul Seminary. With the end of the iron ore trust, any royalties that flow from the mines will now head in another direction. Morgan, acting on behalf of his friend, ordered his men to buy everything they could get their hands on. 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A founder of the previously unmapped Marias pass first discovered by Santiago Jameson the key the... Railway when he married Mary Hill gaining control of Chicago, Burlington and.. $ 200 and a physical disability surveying, and five children later had homes on Summit Avenue residence, was... Were married in the Harry McClintock song `` Hallelujah, I 'm a Bum..! Target University of texas assistant basketball coach salary for her children by the time he had a deep for!
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